Although the corn industry claims that HFCS contains only
slightly more fructose than table sugar, it is actually made with an ingredient that is 90 percent fructose
High-fructose corn syrup (HFCS) is a popular
sweetener because it is chemically different
from sugar—it has a longer shelf life and
mixes better into beverages. Yet the corn
industry likes to play down these differences,
pointing out that sugar is 50 percent fructose
and 50 percent glucose, while HFCS is 55
percent fructose and 45 percent glucose.
This framing glosses over an essential
difference: sugar (sucrose) is a disaccharide
composed of a single glucose molecule and a
single fructose molecule. HFCS, in contrast,
is a liquid solution composed of separated
individual glucose and fructose molecules
(monosaccharides). To make HFCS, a 100
percent glucose solution is converted via
enzymes into a 42 percent fructose-58 percent
glucose solution. This solution is further
treated until it is 90 percent glucose, then
mixed with more 42-58 solution to yield a 55-
45 concentration. So while the final ratio of
fructose to glucose might look similar to table
sugar, it is in fact a very different product. Is it
any wonder that HFCS is processed differently
by the body?
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